concepts of zoology

The collection of responses predetermined by the inheritance of specific nerve or cytoplasmic pathways (unicellular) in organism is called innate behavior. These organisms have built-in -pathways.so a given stimulus produces the response in all case. this behavior patterns developed and refines over many selected generations. The adaptation of this behavior depend on the survival of the species. Such behavior does not need higher centre of the nervous system therefore, it produces economy in the nerve pathways within multicellular organisms. Types of innate behavior (a)  Orientation. This type of behavior concern with the day to day movement of an organisms. Orientation has two types: (I).  Kineses:   it is a behavior in which an organism changes the speed of random movement which help them to survive in an environment. For example, behavior enables the pillpugs to reach the moist area. Moist area is necessary for their life. (II) Taxes:   The directed movement ...

  winter can be hard on fishes.                                                                                                                               firstly, freshwater fisher are rarely threatened by freezing to death because of one of  water ,s most unique  property. like most substance, water,s density increase as temperature drop. however, it's most dense just above its freezing  point ; density increase between 4 degree to 0 degree , causing ice to float. were it not for this property lakes ...

  Spinal cord Spinal cord The spinal cord (in yellow) connects the brain to nerves throughout the body. Details Part of Central nervous system Artery spinal artery Vein spinal vein Identifiers Latin medulla spinalis Mesh D013116 NeuroNames 22 TA98 A14.1.02.001 TA2 6049 FMA 7647 Anatomical terminology The  spinal cord  is a long, thin, tubular structure made up of  nervous tissue , which extends from the  medulla oblongata  in the  brainstem  to the  lumbar  region of the  vertebral column . It encloses the  central canal  of the spinal cord, which contains  cerebrospinal fluid . The  brain  and spinal cord together make up the  central nervous system  (CNS). In  humans , the spinal cord begins at the  occipital bone , passing through the  foramen magnum  and entering the  spinal canal  at the beginning of the  cervical vertebrae . The spinal cord extends down to b...